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1In most jurisdictions, a person is considered a child until he or she reaches which age?
In most jurisdictions, a person is considered a child until he or she reaches which age?2In general, do a child’s legal parents have the authority to make decisions on behalf of the child in most circumstances?
In general, do a child’s legal parents have the authority to make decisions on behalf of the child in most circumstances?3Are children held accountable for criminal behavior to the same extent as adults?
Are children held accountable for criminal behavior to the same extent as adults?4In regard to tort liability and negligence, what is the standard of care applicable to minors?
In regard to tort liability and negligence, what is the standard of care applicable to minors?5Does a minor have the legal capacity to enter into a contract?
Does a minor have the legal capacity to enter into a contract?6Under the Uniform Probate Code (UPC) and in most states, can a person under the age of 18 make a valid will?
Under the Uniform Probate Code (UPC) and in most states, can a person under the age of 18 make a valid will?7A 12-year-old girl signed a contract with a 36-year-old woman. The girl agreed to be the woman’s household servant for the rest of her life for no ...
A 12-year-old girl signed a contract with a 36-year-old woman. The girl agreed to be the woman’s household servant for the rest of her life for no compensation. When the girl’s parents learned of the contract, they attempted to have the contract voided. Will the girl’s parents succeed in having the contract voided?8Do children have the constitutional right to unlimited free expression and free speech in public school?
Do children have the constitutional right to unlimited free expression and free speech in public school?9May children in public schools be required to submit to drug testing to participate in extracurricular activities?
May children in public schools be required to submit to drug testing to participate in extracurricular activities?10Do both of a child’s legal parents owe the child a duty of support?
Do both of a child’s legal parents owe the child a duty of support?11In general, what is the duration of a parent’s child-support obligation?
In general, what is the duration of a parent’s child-support obligation?12Do separated parents of nonmarital children (i.e., children born out of wedlock) have a duty to pay child support for those children?
Do separated parents of nonmarital children (i.e., children born out of wedlock) have a duty to pay child support for those children?13If a child’s parent has had his or her parental rights terminated, does that individual still have a legal duty to pay support for the child?
If a child’s parent has had his or her parental rights terminated, does that individual still have a legal duty to pay support for the child?14Can an individual who is not the biological parent of a child, but who has acted as a parental figure to the child while in a romantic relationship...
Can an individual who is not the biological parent of a child, but who has acted as a parental figure to the child while in a romantic relationship with the child’s other parent, be held liable for the support of that child?15Does the parental duty of support exist independently of any custodial or visitation rights the parent may have with the child?
Does the parental duty of support exist independently of any custodial or visitation rights the parent may have with the child?16A mother and father were the unmarried parents of one child. The mother had primary custody of the child and had not let the father see the child i...
A mother and father were the unmarried parents of one child. The mother had primary custody of the child and had not let the father see the child in two years. The father had been ordered to pay child support to the mother but refused to do so until the mother let him see the child. Can the mother sue the father for contempt of the child-support order even though the mother has not let the father see the child in two years?17Historically, were members of the same family allowed to bring lawsuits against each other?
Historically, were members of the same family allowed to bring lawsuits against each other?18Today, do most jurisdictions allow children to bring tort claims against their parents?
Today, do most jurisdictions allow children to bring tort claims against their parents?19Does a parent have the legal right to use physical actions against her child that could constitute a tort if committed against a stranger?
Does a parent have the legal right to use physical actions against her child that could constitute a tort if committed against a stranger?20For what three purposes is a parent or other person with responsibility for a child privileged to use reasonable force or confinement against the c...
For what three purposes is a parent or other person with responsibility for a child privileged to use reasonable force or confinement against the child?21In analyzing the reasonableness of a parent’s use of corporal punishment against a child, are the child’s personal characteristics and the severity...
In analyzing the reasonableness of a parent’s use of corporal punishment against a child, are the child’s personal characteristics and the severity of the child’s actions relevant factors to consider?22If a person is injured or killed due to the wrongful act of another person, does the victim’s family have a cause of action against the wrongdoer?
If a person is injured or killed due to the wrongful act of another person, does the victim’s family have a cause of action against the wrongdoer?23Are loss-of-consortium claims typically brought by the spouse of an injured or deceased person?
Are loss-of-consortium claims typically brought by the spouse of an injured or deceased person?24Why did the law historically allow husbands, but not wives, to bring loss-of-consortium claims?
Why did the law historically allow husbands, but not wives, to bring loss-of-consortium claims?25May a spouse file a loss-of-consortium claim against a third party if his spouse died from the third party’s actions?
May a spouse file a loss-of-consortium claim against a third party if his spouse died from the third party’s actions?26Can one spouse file a loss-of-consortium claim against her own spouse?
Can one spouse file a loss-of-consortium claim against her own spouse?27A man was driving on the highway when his car was struck by an oncoming truck. The accident was caused by the truck driver’s negligence. As a resul...
A man was driving on the highway when his car was struck by an oncoming truck. The accident was caused by the truck driver’s negligence. As a result of the accident, the man was seriously injured. The man and his wife had planned to have multiple children, but their sexual relations and their plan to have children had suffered since the accident. The man also could no longer provide the same affection, companionship, and sex he had before the accident. May the wife claim damages for loss of consortium from the truck driver?28A wife was injured due to a driver’s recklessness. The wife’s injuries rendered her unable to have sex with her husband or bear children. The husba...
A wife was injured due to a driver’s recklessness. The wife’s injuries rendered her unable to have sex with her husband or bear children. The husband sued the driver for loss-of-consortium damages. The driver objected, claiming that the husband could not sue him for the wife’s inability to have sex or bear children. The driver alleged that the husband should be suing the wife instead. Will the driver prevail?29Do some jurisdictions allow parents to bring loss-of-consortium claims upon the injury or death of their children?
Do some jurisdictions allow parents to bring loss-of-consortium claims upon the injury or death of their children?30Do some jurisdictions allow children to bring loss-of-consortium claims upon the injury or death of their parents?
Do some jurisdictions allow children to bring loss-of-consortium claims upon the injury or death of their parents?31Do parents have the fundamental constitutional right to direct the care, custody, and control of their children?
Do parents have the fundamental constitutional right to direct the care, custody, and control of their children?32Is a parent’s right to direct the care, custody, and control of his children an absolute right?
Is a parent’s right to direct the care, custody, and control of his children an absolute right?33May states require that children of a certain age attend school?
May states require that children of a certain age attend school?34May parents use religion as the basis for deciding how to educate their children?
May parents use religion as the basis for deciding how to educate their children?35The parents of a ninth-grade boy decided to take their son out of his public school and educate him from home in keeping with their religion. The s...
The parents of a ninth-grade boy decided to take their son out of his public school and educate him from home in keeping with their religion. The school district petitioned the state to compel the parents to return the boy to public school, because the religious teachings could be dangerous to the boy. The state argued that the parents did not have the authority to decide whether the boy goes to school and that the state could compel him to attend.May the parents keep the boy in home education for religious reasons?36Do parents have the legal right to send their children to private school instead of public school?
Do parents have the legal right to send their children to private school instead of public school?37May states outlaw the teaching of a foreign language to children under a certain age?
May states outlaw the teaching of a foreign language to children under a certain age?38May a teacher in a public school use reasonable force against a student for purposes of punishment or discipline, even over a parent’s objection?
May a teacher in a public school use reasonable force against a student for purposes of punishment or discipline, even over a parent’s objection?39Does a parent’s right to control his child’s upbringing extend to the right to consent to medical treatment for his child?
Does a parent’s right to control his child’s upbringing extend to the right to consent to medical treatment for his child?40Are children under the age of 18 generally considered legally competent to refuse medical treatment for their own diseases or injuries?
Are children under the age of 18 generally considered legally competent to refuse medical treatment for their own diseases or injuries?41Do children ever have the right to make some medical care decisions independently?
Do children ever have the right to make some medical care decisions independently?42An eight-year-old boy had cancer and wanted to refuse medical treatment. The boy’s parents wished to continue their son’s cancer treatments in an a...
An eight-year-old boy had cancer and wanted to refuse medical treatment. The boy’s parents wished to continue their son’s cancer treatments in an attempt to save his life.May the parents override the wishes of their minor son to refuse medical treatment for his cancer?43May parents prevent doctors from vaccinating their child against the parents’ wishes due to sincerely held religious beliefs?
May parents prevent doctors from vaccinating their child against the parents’ wishes due to sincerely held religious beliefs?44A mother and father had one infant child. At the child’s first medical exam, the parents refused to let child’s doctor give the child vaccinations,...
A mother and father had one infant child. At the child’s first medical exam, the parents refused to let child’s doctor give the child vaccinations, because vaccinating children was against their religion. The doctor told the parents that she would vaccinate the child against their wishes, out of concern for the child’s welfare. The parents claimed that the doctor cannot vaccinate the child against their wishes, citing a state law allowing parents to opt out of vaccinating their children on religious grounds. Are the parents correct that the doctor cannot vaccinate the child against their wishes?45Does a parent have an absolute right to refuse consent to medical treatment for her child?
Does a parent have an absolute right to refuse consent to medical treatment for her child?46In general, if a third party requests custody of a child, will the legal parent’s custody claim usually prevail?
In general, if a third party requests custody of a child, will the legal parent’s custody claim usually prevail?47Will a parent’s constitutional rights in her relationship with her child trump the desire of a third party to have visitation rights with the child?
Will a parent’s constitutional rights in her relationship with her child trump the desire of a third party to have visitation rights with the child?48May a state allow any person at any time to petition for visitation with children, regardless of parental wishes?
May a state allow any person at any time to petition for visitation with children, regardless of parental wishes?49What is the doctrine of in loco parentis?
What is the doctrine of in loco parentis?50May a legal stranger ever be granted legal rights to a child?
May a legal stranger ever be granted legal rights to a child?51In considering whether to grant parental rights to an in loco parentis individual, will a court consider whether the individual has lived with the ...
In considering whether to grant parental rights to an in loco parentis individual, will a court consider whether the individual has lived with the child?52A man and woman were married for 10 years and lived with the woman’s 11-year-old son. The son had never met his biological father, who had been in ...
A man and woman were married for 10 years and lived with the woman’s 11-year-old son. The son had never met his biological father, who had been in jail since before the son was born. The man referred to the child as his son, and the son referred to the man as his dad. The man and woman divorced. The man petitioned for custodial time with the son, claiming that he was in loco parentis to the son. The woman offered to settle the matter by agreeing to custodial time for the son with the man. The biological father objected, claiming that the man had no custodial rights to the son. Can the man prevail?53Under the UPA, may a person who is not a child’s legal parent be granted parental rights as the child’s de facto parent?
Under the UPA, may a person who is not a child’s legal parent be granted parental rights as the child’s de facto parent?54Can a former same-sex partner of a parent seek custody or visitation of his or her former partner’s children?
Can a former same-sex partner of a parent seek custody or visitation of his or her former partner’s children?55A woman was the biological mother of a child. The woman’s former same-sex partner lived with the woman and the child for the first five years of th...
A woman was the biological mother of a child. The woman’s former same-sex partner lived with the woman and the child for the first five years of the child’s life. During their relationship, the woman and her former partner both participated equally in caring for the child, and her partner held the child out as her own child. The woman and her partner had a written agreement for co-parenting of the child, including shared custody, in case of their breakup. The woman and her partner ended their relationship. The woman refused to give the partner any custodial time with the child. Assuming that the state has adopted the UPA, may the partner file a claim for custody?56May a city housing ordinance ban households that are not one-family dwellings?
May a city housing ordinance ban households that are not one-family dwellings?57May the government restrict members of a household from receiving government benefits because the household members are not related to each other?
May the government restrict members of a household from receiving government benefits because the household members are not related to each other?58Can a city require that occupants of a dwelling unit in the city be members of a single family?
Can a city require that occupants of a dwelling unit in the city be members of a single family?59A grandmother lived in a city with her two minor grandsons, who were first cousins. The city charged the grandmother with violating a city law proh...
A grandmother lived in a city with her two minor grandsons, who were first cousins. The city charged the grandmother with violating a city law prohibiting people from living together if they were not members of a single nuclear family (i.e., excluding grandparents from the definition of the family). The grandmother objected that the city law was unconstitutional, because it violated her liberty to form her family unit as she pleases. Will the grandmother prevail?60Three unrelated friends who were living together applied for food-stamp benefits from the federal government. The government denied the claim, beca...
Three unrelated friends who were living together applied for food-stamp benefits from the federal government. The government denied the claim, because the friends were unrelated, and their household thus ineligible for food stamps, because the Food Stamp Act deemed households of unrelated individuals ineligible for benefits. The friends challenged the decision, claiming that it was a violation of their equal-protection rights to deny them food-stamp benefits based on their household composition of unrelated members rather than family members. Will the friends prevail?