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1What is a contract?
What is a contract?2What four basic elements are required to form a contract?
What four basic elements are required to form a contract?3What is an offer?
What is an offer?4How certain must an offer’s terms be to constitute a valid offer?
How certain must an offer’s terms be to constitute a valid offer?5A company sent a letter to a vendor. The letter detailed the company’s intent to purchase materials and closed with: “Your acceptance of this offer...
A company sent a letter to a vendor. The letter detailed the company’s intent to purchase materials and closed with: “Your acceptance of this offer will become effective upon the approval of this transaction by our board of directors.”Did the letter from the company to the vendor qualify as a valid offer?6Under what circumstances can an advertisement constitute a valid offer?
Under what circumstances can an advertisement constitute a valid offer?7A car dealership advertised online that it was selling a convertible for $15,000 to celebrate the dealership’s fifteenth anniversary. Underneath a ...
A car dealership advertised online that it was selling a convertible for $15,000 to celebrate the dealership’s fifteenth anniversary. Underneath a photo of the convertible, the advertisement stated, “Just $15,000. First come, first purchased!”Was the dealership’s online advertisement an offer?8A farmer was considering selling a farm and knew that a man was interested in buying it. The farmer composed an email to the man, offering to sell...
A farmer was considering selling a farm and knew that a man was interested in buying it. The farmer composed an email to the man, offering to sell the farm to the man for a stated price. Before sending the email, the farmer had second thoughts and decided not to sell. The farmer intended to delete the email but, without realizing it, hit the “send” button instead of the “delete” button and accidentally sent the email to the man. The farmer did not discover this mistake until the next day, when the man replied to the farmer and accepted the offer. Was the farmer’s email an offer to sell the farm?9Under what circumstances can a joke or an offer made in jest constitute a valid offer?
Under what circumstances can a joke or an offer made in jest constitute a valid offer?10In a case of mutual misunderstanding as to the nature of an apparent offer, what test do courts use to determine whether the communication could re...
In a case of mutual misunderstanding as to the nature of an apparent offer, what test do courts use to determine whether the communication could reasonably be construed as an offer?11Does a binding contract require that the parties intend to be legally bound?
Does a binding contract require that the parties intend to be legally bound?12Under the objective test of intent, is evidence of a party’s subjective understanding and intention relevant and admissible to determine the party’...
Under the objective test of intent, is evidence of a party’s subjective understanding and intention relevant and admissible to determine the party’s manifested intent?13Is an invitation to negotiate a valid offer?
Is an invitation to negotiate a valid offer?14How does a party make a valid offer for a unilateral contract?
How does a party make a valid offer for a unilateral contract?15A cleaner offered to clean the carpets in a man’s house on Friday afternoon for $500, to be paid no later than noon that Friday.Did the cleaner mak...
A cleaner offered to clean the carpets in a man’s house on Friday afternoon for $500, to be paid no later than noon that Friday.Did the cleaner make an offer for a unilateral contract?16What is an acceptance?
What is an acceptance?17At common law, is a contract created if an offeree accepts an offer but also adds an additional term not in the offer?
At common law, is a contract created if an offeree accepts an offer but also adds an additional term not in the offer?18What is the last-shot rule?
What is the last-shot rule?19A landowner mailed an offer to sell a plot of land to a woman for $500,000. The woman wrote back and stated, “That price is too high. I will buy th...
A landowner mailed an offer to sell a plot of land to a woman for $500,000. The woman wrote back and stated, “That price is too high. I will buy the property if you reduce the price to $490,000.” The landowner did not respond to the woman’s communication. Did the parties form a contract?20Under what circumstances may an offeree’s silence constitute a valid acceptance?
Under what circumstances may an offeree’s silence constitute a valid acceptance?21Under the UCC, is a contract created if an offeree accepts an offer but also adds an additional term not in the offer?
Under the UCC, is a contract created if an offeree accepts an offer but also adds an additional term not in the offer?22If an offer for a unilateral contract permits acceptance exclusively by non-instantaneous performance, must the offeree complete performance to acc...
If an offer for a unilateral contract permits acceptance exclusively by non-instantaneous performance, must the offeree complete performance to accept the offer?23At 8:00 a.m., a homeowner called a plumber and left a voicemail message reporting that a water pipe in the homeowner’s house had burst and needed u...
At 8:00 a.m., a homeowner called a plumber and left a voicemail message reporting that a water pipe in the homeowner’s house had burst and needed urgent repair as soon as possible. The homeowner told the plumber, “If you come to my house and repair the pipe at 11:00 a.m., I will pay you $500 for the repair work. I’ll leave the front door unlocked for you to come in and fix the pipe while I’m out for the day.” At 11:00 a.m., the plumber went into the homeowner’s house, entered through the unlocked front door, and repaired the pipe.Did the homeowner and the plumber form a contract?24Which six events or circumstances will terminate an offer before the offer has been accepted?
Which six events or circumstances will terminate an offer before the offer has been accepted?25What is an option contract?
What is an option contract?26A man emailed a woman and offered to sell her some land. The man’s email stated that the offer was irrevocable and would be held open until 6:00 p....
A man emailed a woman and offered to sell her some land. The man’s email stated that the offer was irrevocable and would be held open until 6:00 p.m. on June 1. On May 28, the woman received another email from the man, revoking the offer. The woman answered the second email immediately, accepting the offer and stating that the man’s attempt to revoke the offer was impermissible and ineffective. Did the parties form a contract?27What is a firm offer?
What is a firm offer?28A seller, who was a homeowner, was moving and needed to sell some furniture. The seller called an antiques dealer and invited the dealer to inspect...
A seller, who was a homeowner, was moving and needed to sell some furniture. The seller called an antiques dealer and invited the dealer to inspect the furniture for possible purchase. On September 1, the dealer sent a representative to the seller’s house. The dealer’s representative expressed interest in buying the furniture for the seller’s asking price of $50,000 and asked the seller for a three-day option to buy the furniture. The seller agreed and signed a written offer to sell the furniture to the dealer for $50,000. The offer stated that it was a firm offer, to be held open for acceptance by no later than September 4. On September 2, the seller contacted the dealer and revoked the offer.
Was the seller’s revocation legally effective to terminate the offer?29May an offeror revoke an offer for a unilateral contract after the offeree begins performance, but before a reasonable time has passed for completi...
May an offeror revoke an offer for a unilateral contract after the offeree begins performance, but before a reasonable time has passed for completing performance?30Under the UCC, can parties form a contract by engaging in conduct that recognizes a contract, even if the written communications between them are t...
Under the UCC, can parties form a contract by engaging in conduct that recognizes a contract, even if the written communications between them are too conflicting to constitute offer and acceptance?31What is the mailbox rule?
What is the mailbox rule?32On February 1, the offeror mailed a letter to the offeree, offering to sell a building for $2 million. The offeree received the letter on February ...
On February 1, the offeror mailed a letter to the offeree, offering to sell a building for $2 million. The offeree received the letter on February 2 and mailed a rejection at 2:00 p.m. on that day. At 6:00 p.m., the offeree had second thoughts and decided to accept the offer. The offeree placed an acceptance in the mailbox at 6:00 p.m. The rejection arrived at the offeror’s office on February 3, and the acceptance arrived on February 4. Was the offeree’s acceptance effective?33What three main categories of offers are not governed by the mailbox rule?
What three main categories of offers are not governed by the mailbox rule?34Must a party manifest an intent to be legally bound by the terms of a contract in order for the contract to be binding?
Must a party manifest an intent to be legally bound by the terms of a contract in order for the contract to be binding?35Under what circumstances may a seller of software bind a buyer to licensing terms that are not disclosed to the buyer at the time of purchase but a...
Under what circumstances may a seller of software bind a buyer to licensing terms that are not disclosed to the buyer at the time of purchase but are revealed only when the buyer installs and runs the software?36Can a contract be formed by automated means on a website without the review or approval of a human?
Can a contract be formed by automated means on a website without the review or approval of a human?37Under what circumstances can a website operator bind a customer to standard contract terms accessible through a link on a website?
Under what circumstances can a website operator bind a customer to standard contract terms accessible through a link on a website?38A retailer operated a website on which customers could order its products. The retailer intended to make all transactions on the website subject to...
A retailer operated a website on which customers could order its products. The retailer intended to make all transactions on the website subject to its standard terms. The retailer therefore included a link at the bottom of each page of the website, stating: “All transactions are subject to our standard terms, which can be accessed by clicking on this link.” The link was not accentuated on the page. Because the link was at the bottom of each web page, it was not visible on a customer’s screen unless the customer scrolled down beyond the operative content of the page. If a customer ordered products on the website but did not scroll down to the bottom of the page to click the link and read the standard terms, would the terms bind the customer?39What are the material terms to a contract?
What are the material terms to a contract?40A lessee and lessor entered into a five-year lease of premises. The lease granted the lessee an option, exercisable in the last month of the initia...
A lessee and lessor entered into a five-year lease of premises. The lease granted the lessee an option, exercisable in the last month of the initial five-year term, to renew the lease for a further five years. The lease fixed the rent for the premises for the initial five-year term but stated that the rent for the renewal would be negotiated by the parties upon the lessee’s exercise of the renewal option. The lessee exercised the renewal option in the last month of the initial term, but the lessor refused to accept the renewal on the grounds that the renewal option was too indefinite to be enforced. Is the lessor correct that the option was too indefinite to be enforced?41Is a contract for the sale of goods valid and enforceable if it does not state the price of the goods?
Is a contract for the sale of goods valid and enforceable if it does not state the price of the goods?42What is a requirements contract?
What is a requirements contract?43A city entered into a contract with an asphalt company. Under the contract, the asphalt company agreed to supply the city’s asphalt requirements fo...
A city entered into a contract with an asphalt company. Under the contract, the asphalt company agreed to supply the city’s asphalt requirements for a 10-year period. The contract left open the quantity of asphalt to be supplied so that the city would have the flexibility to order asphalt based on its variable road repair needs. Assuming the UCC applies to the contract, did the open quantity term make this contract too indefinite to be enforceable?44If parties have executed an informal written memorandum setting out the material terms of an agreement, which four factors will courts evaluate in ...
If parties have executed an informal written memorandum setting out the material terms of an agreement, which four factors will courts evaluate in determining whether the informal memorandum is actually a binding contract?45If a word used in a contract has a plain, unambiguous dictionary definition, is it appropriate for a court to admit contextual evidence to show tha...
If a word used in a contract has a plain, unambiguous dictionary definition, is it appropriate for a court to admit contextual evidence to show that the word is in fact ambiguous?46What is consideration?
What is consideration?47Under the bargain theory of consideration, is it enough for valid consideration that one party benefits from the detriment of the other?
Under the bargain theory of consideration, is it enough for valid consideration that one party benefits from the detriment of the other?48Can a contract be formed if one party receives nothing of value for its performance?
Can a contract be formed if one party receives nothing of value for its performance?49A man promised to give a gift to his neighbor. The neighbor and the man executed a written agreement stating that the man’s promise was made “in ex...
A man promised to give a gift to his neighbor. The neighbor and the man executed a written agreement stating that the man’s promise was made “in exchange for good and valuable consideration.” In actuality, the neighbor gave no consideration to the man.Did the written agreement bind the man to his promise to make the gift?50What is the difference between sufficient consideration and adequate consideration?
What is the difference between sufficient consideration and adequate consideration?51Can the parties to a contract determine for themselves whether consideration is adequate?
Can the parties to a contract determine for themselves whether consideration is adequate?52Is an enforceable contract created if a promise of very large value is exchanged for an item of very small value?
Is an enforceable contract created if a promise of very large value is exchanged for an item of very small value?53Will grossly inadequate consideration that shocks the conscience result in an enforceable contract?
Will grossly inadequate consideration that shocks the conscience result in an enforceable contract?54Does an exchange of promises constitute sufficient consideration to create an enforceable contract?
Does an exchange of promises constitute sufficient consideration to create an enforceable contract?55What is a gratuitous promise?
What is a gratuitous promise?56A builder agreed to remodel a homeowner’s bathroom and charge the homeowner only for the cost of materials.Do the parties have an enforceable contr...
A builder agreed to remodel a homeowner’s bathroom and charge the homeowner only for the cost of materials.Do the parties have an enforceable contract?57A woman had been working hard in a stressful job. Her uncle noticed that she looked pale and exhausted, and he said, “You need a vacation. I know t...
A woman had been working hard in a stressful job. Her uncle noticed that she looked pale and exhausted, and he said, “You need a vacation. I know that you are short on money, but if you pay for your hotel, I will give you some of my airline reward miles to cover the cost of your airfare.” The woman responded, “Thank you! I’m excited for this trip!” Has the woman given consideration to her uncle in exchange for the uncle’s promise of his airline reward miles?58What is an illusory promise?
What is an illusory promise?59If a particular performance would constitute consideration, does a promise to render that performance in the future also qualify as consideration?
If a particular performance would constitute consideration, does a promise to render that performance in the future also qualify as consideration?60Can a party give valid consideration by promising the other party to render performance to a third person who is not a party to the contract?
Can a party give valid consideration by promising the other party to render performance to a third person who is not a party to the contract?61Can an existing duty serve as consideration for a new agreement between the same parties?
Can an existing duty serve as consideration for a new agreement between the same parties?62A truck driver contracted with a manufacturer to deliver
goods to a warehouse by 5 p.m. on Friday. On Thursday, the manufacturer
suddenly realized ...
A truck driver contracted with a manufacturer to deliver
goods to a warehouse by 5 p.m. on Friday. On Thursday, the manufacturer
suddenly realized that the goods needed to arrive by noon the next day. The manufacturer
offered the driver an extra $100 if he could get the goods to the warehouse by
noon. The driver agreed and arrived at noon, 5 hours earlier than he had
originally contracted with the manufacturer.
Is the driver’s early arrival
valid consideration for the extra $100?63A 21-year-old man enjoyed smoking cigars. The man’s aunt was concerned that smoking was hazardous to the man’s health, so she told the man that if ...
A 21-year-old man enjoyed smoking cigars. The man’s aunt was concerned that smoking was hazardous to the man’s health, so she told the man that if he quit smoking for a year, she would pay him $5,000. Motivated by his aunt’s promise, the man quit smoking immediately and did not smoke for a year. At the end of that year, the man claimed the $5,000 reward from his aunt, but she refused to pay him. The man sued his aunt for the $5,000. The aunt’s lawyer defended the suit on the basis that the aunt was not bound by the promise because it lacked consideration, arguing that quitting smoking was beneficial to the man and therefore did not constitute a detriment. Is the lawyer correct that giving up smoking was not a detriment and could not be consideration for the aunt’s promise?64Under what circumstances can a settlement agreement be supported by sufficient consideration?
Under what circumstances can a settlement agreement be supported by sufficient consideration?65A patient had surgery to fix a painful knee, but the surgery did not alleviate the pain. The patient consulted a lawyer about suing the surgeon for...
A patient had surgery to fix a painful knee, but the surgery did not alleviate the pain. The patient consulted a lawyer about suing the surgeon for malpractice. The lawyer hired medical experts to evaluated the surgeon’s work; the experts concluded that the surgeon had operated competently. The lawyer told the patient that there was no prospect of proving malpractice at trial, but the lawyer nevertheless recommended suing the surgeon to try and get a quick settlement. The patient agreed, and the lawyer commenced suit. The surgeon responded with an offer to settle the suit for $10,000, which the patient accepted.By agreeing to drop the suit, has the patient given valid consideration to the surgeon in exchange for the surgeon’s promise to settle the suit by paying $10,000?66Can agreeing to settle an ultimately invalid claim ever provide sufficient consideration?
Can agreeing to settle an ultimately invalid claim ever provide sufficient consideration?67Can past consideration support a contract?
Can past consideration support a contract?68While walking along a beach, a woman saw a swimmer struggling in the rough surf and calling for help. The woman jumped into the water and saved the...
While walking along a beach, a woman saw a swimmer struggling in the rough surf and calling for help. The woman jumped into the water and saved the swimmer. The swimmer was very grateful and promised to pay $10,000 to the woman as a reward. Did jumping into the water and saving the swimmer constitute consideration for the swimmer’s promise to pay $10,000?69May a contract stipulate that the sufficiency of one party’s performance depends on the other party’s satisfaction with that performance?
May a contract stipulate that the sufficiency of one party’s performance depends on the other party’s satisfaction with that performance?70Does an agreement for the sale of goods lack consideration if it binds the seller to supply goods ordered by the buyer, but it gives the buyer the ...
Does an agreement for the sale of goods lack consideration if it binds the seller to supply goods ordered by the buyer, but it gives the buyer the discretion to order only the quantity of goods that it requires?71Is an exclusive agreement to sell goods on behalf of another, in which a seller is not bound to actually sell any goods, supported by sufficient co...
Is an exclusive agreement to sell goods on behalf of another, in which a seller is not bound to actually sell any goods, supported by sufficient consideration?72An artist entered into an agreement with an art gallery under which the gallery would take a commission of 30 percent of the sale price of any of t...
An artist entered into an agreement with an art gallery under which the gallery would take a commission of 30 percent of the sale price of any of the artist’s paintings sold by the gallery. In the agreement, the artist granted the gallery the exclusive agency to sell the artist’s paintings and undertook not to sell or market paintings personally or through any other vendor. The agreement did not expressly commit the gallery to make any effort to sell the paintings. Is the agreement between the artist and the gallery supported by consideration?73What five elements must a plaintiff prove to succeed in a claim for promissory estoppel?
What five elements must a plaintiff prove to succeed in a claim for promissory estoppel?74If a promisee acts in justifiable reliance on a promise but does not suffer a detriment if the promise is not kept, can the promisee use promissory...
If a promisee acts in justifiable reliance on a promise but does not suffer a detriment if the promise is not kept, can the promisee use promissory estoppel to enforce the promise?75To enforce a promise under the doctrine of promissory estoppel, must a promisee prove that the promisor made the promise with the intent of inducin...
To enforce a promise under the doctrine of promissory estoppel, must a promisee prove that the promisor made the promise with the intent of inducing the promisee to act in reliance on the promise?76Is promissory estoppel relief available to a promisee who would have taken the same action allegedly induced by reliance on a promise even if the p...
Is promissory estoppel relief available to a promisee who would have taken the same action allegedly induced by reliance on a promise even if the promise had not been made?77A man told his sister that he would give her a gift certificate for a certain hotel as a birthday present. On the strength of this promise, the sis...
A man told his sister that he would give her a gift certificate for a certain hotel as a birthday present. On the strength of this promise, the sister booked a non-refundable two-night stay at the hotel for the weekend after her birthday. The cost of the two nights’ accommodation was $450. The man never gave his sister the promised gift certificate, and the sister had to pay the $450 for the hotel herself. The man’s promise was clearly gratuitous.Does the doctrine of promissory estoppel provide a basis to enforce the man’s promise?78A florist needed cash to save a struggling business and approached a friend to try to secure an investment in the business. The parties entered neg...
A florist needed cash to save a struggling business and approached a friend to try to secure an investment in the business. The parties entered negotiations but could not resolve several important issues. The florist mentioned the possibility of looking for other sources of funding, but the friend discouraged the florist, saying, “Don’t give up yet. I am still interested in investing in your business, and I am very confident that we will be able to reach a deal.” The negotiations broke off when the parties deadlocked on unresolved issues. By that time, the business had deteriorated so much that the florist had lost all chance of finding other investors. The business collapsed and was liquidated.Does the florist have a promissory estoppel claim against the friend?79A customer asked a builder to bid for remodeling work. The builder solicited bids from subcontractors for a rewiring project included in the work. ...
A customer asked a builder to bid for remodeling work. The builder solicited bids from subcontractors for a rewiring project included in the work. The builder stated that it would use the lowest bid in formulating its proposal and required that bids be irrevocable for two weeks to allow the builder time to accept the winning bid if awarded the contract. An electrician’s bid was the lowest, so the builder used the bid to calculate its proposal. The customer accepted the builder’s offer, but the electrician revoked its bid within the two-week period. The builder contracted with the customer, still in the two-week period. The electrician refused to perform, so the builder had to pay more for the rewiring than it could recoup from the customer.Assuming the promise to keep the bid open was not a valid option, does promissory estoppel give the builder a cause of action against the electrician?80A member of a church promised the pastor that she would donate $10,000 to the church the following January. The pastor recorded the promised amount...
A member of a church promised the pastor that she would donate $10,000 to the church the following January. The pastor recorded the promised amount as prospective income in its budget. The church member failed to donate the money.Can the church invoke promissory estoppel to enforce the promise?81What remedy will a court provide for a promissory estoppel claim?
What remedy will a court provide for a promissory estoppel claim?82What is the difference between a contract implied in fact and a contract implied in law?
What is the difference between a contract implied in fact and a contract implied in law?83What are the elements of a claim for unjust enrichment?
What are the elements of a claim for unjust enrichment?84A caregiver cared for a friend during the friend’s long, fatal illness. The caregiver and the friend never formed a contract to compensate the care...
A caregiver cared for a friend during the friend’s long, fatal illness. The caregiver and the friend never formed a contract to compensate the caregiver for this care.Can the caregiver receive compensation from the friend’s estate for the value of the care in an unjust enrichment action?85The plaintiff and defendant owned contiguous plots of undeveloped land accessible only by a rural dirt road. The plaintiff decided to develop its p...
The plaintiff and defendant owned contiguous plots of undeveloped land accessible only by a rural dirt road. The plaintiff decided to develop its property and incurred considerable expense in building a paved road and utility lines to serve it. These improvements conferred a significant benefit on the defendant by bringing the road and utilities next to the defendant’s property. The plaintiff had not consulted the defendant before making these improvements, and the parties had no contract obliging the defendant to share their cost. Nevertheless, the plaintiff sued the defendant for a contribution to the cost of the improvements on grounds that the defendant was unjustly enriched at the plaintiff’s expense.Does the plaintiff have a viable unjust enrichment claim against the defendant?86May states define circumstances under which a signed writing forms a contract, even without consideration?
May states define circumstances under which a signed writing forms a contract, even without consideration?87Under common law, is new consideration required for a modification of a contract?
Under common law, is new consideration required for a modification of a contract?88What is the rationale for the common-law rule requiring new consideration to validate the modification of an existing contract?
What is the rationale for the common-law rule requiring new consideration to validate the modification of an existing contract?89A farmer hired temporary workers in advance for a one-day job picking berries for shipment. All the berries had to be picked on one specific day, s...
A farmer hired temporary workers in advance for a one-day job picking berries for shipment. All the berries had to be picked on one specific day, so the berries would not spoil before reaching customers. On the morning of the day scheduled for the picking, the workers demanded an increase in wages and threatened to walk out unless the farmer agreed to the increase. The farmer realized that it would be impossible to replace the workers at short notice, and he therefore agreed to the wage increase. Assuming that an action for duress is inapplicable here, is the farmer bound by this modification of the contract?90Is a modification to an existing contract supported by sufficient consideration if both parties alter their duties?
Is a modification to an existing contract supported by sufficient consideration if both parties alter their duties?91Under the unanticipated difficulties rule, what must a party prove to validate a contract modification without consideration?
Under the unanticipated difficulties rule, what must a party prove to validate a contract modification without consideration?92Does a modification of a contract for the sale of goods require consideration in order to be valid?
Does a modification of a contract for the sale of goods require consideration in order to be valid?93A buyer entered into a contract to buy a painting from a gallery for $500,000. Soon after the contract was executed, but before the painting was de...
A buyer entered into a contract to buy a painting from a gallery for $500,000. Soon after the contract was executed, but before the painting was delivered and paid for, a similar painting by the same artist was sold by an auction house for $750,000. The gallery then realized that the contract price in its sale to the buyer was too low and told the buyer it would cancel the sale unless the buyer agreed to pay considerably more than the contract price. The parties negotiated and reached an agreement to increase the price to $650,000. Assuming the UCC applies, may the buyer avoid the modification and enforce the original contract of sale for $500,000?94In a written contract, is a provision stating that the contract can be modified only by a signed writing valid?
In a written contract, is a provision stating that the contract can be modified only by a signed writing valid?95Can a party invalidate a modification to a contract by proving that the modification was extorted by duress?
Can a party invalidate a modification to a contract by proving that the modification was extorted by duress?96A builder was under great pressure to complete a construction project on time and would suffer significant penalties if the project did not meet th...
A builder was under great pressure to complete a construction project on time and would suffer significant penalties if the project did not meet the deadline for completion. Knowing this, a subcontractor threatened not to complete its work unless the builder agreed to an increase in its contract price. In exchange for the price increase, the subcontractor promised to complete its work a day earlier than specified in the contract. The builder could not obtain a replacement subcontractor in time to meet its deadline, so it agreed to the contract modification. Assuming that the modification is not void for lack of consideration, is the builder bound by the contract modification?97May forbearance to do something a party has a legal right to do constitute sufficient consideration to form a contract?
May forbearance to do something a party has a legal right to do constitute sufficient consideration to form a contract?98What types of contracts are governed by the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)?
What types of contracts are governed by the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)?99What are the five ways that a contractual offer may terminate without a contract being formed?
What are the five ways that a contractual offer may terminate without a contract being formed?100What is the mirror-image rule for contract formation?
What is the mirror-image rule for contract formation?101For contracts governed by the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), must the acceptance terms always be identical to the offer terms?
For contracts governed by the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), must the acceptance terms always be identical to the offer terms?102What is consideration?
What is consideration?103What three elements are necessary for the doctrine of promissory estoppel to apply?
What three elements are necessary for the doctrine of promissory estoppel to apply?104Under the common law, does a modification to a contract typically require new consideration on both sides to be enforceable?
Under the common law, does a modification to a contract typically require new consideration on both sides to be enforceable?105Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), what is necessary for a contractual modification to be enforceable?
Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), what is necessary for a contractual modification to be enforceable?