Livitsanos v. Superior Court
California Supreme Court
828 P.2d 1195, 7 Cal. Rptr. 2d 808, 2 Cal. 4th 744 (1992)
- Written by Serena Lipski, JD
Facts
Apostol Livitsanos (plaintiff) worked for Continental Culture Specialists, Inc. (Continental) (defendant), a yogurt-manufacturing company. Livitsanos began working for Continental in the shipping department in 1976 and was promoted several times, becoming the general manager in 1982. In 1984 Continental’s regular distributor went out of business, so Livitsanos and another person formed a company called ABA exclusively to distribute Continental products. Continental’s owner, Vasa Cubaleski (defendant), credited Livitsanos for saving the company and said Livitsanos would someday own Continental. Nevertheless, in 1988 Cubaleski began harassing Livitsanos. Cubaleski told Continental employees on different occasions that Livitsanos was stealing money from Continental, was trying to sabotage Continental, and was blackmailing Cubaleski. Cubaleski borrowed money from Livitsanos and failed to pay it back on time. Cubaleski directed another Continental employee to accuse Livitsanos of giving himself an unauthorized pay raise. Cubaleski also induced Livitsanos to sell ABA and sign a personal promissory note for an ABA client’s debt. Two weeks later, in 1989, Cubaleski fired Livitsanos. Livitsanos filed suit for breach of contract, defamation, intentional infliction of emotional distress, negligent infliction of emotional distress, and money lent. Continental and Cubaleski demurred on Livitsanos’s claims for defamation, intentional infliction of emotional distress, and negligent infliction of emotional distress. The trial court granted the demurrers on the ground that Continental and Cubaleski’s conduct was a normal part of the employment relationship and, therefore, those claims were barred by workers’-compensation exclusivity. Livitsanos filed a petition for a writ of mandate, and the court of appeals denied it without a written opinion. Livitsanos appealed.
Rule of Law
Issue
Holding and Reasoning (Arabian, J.)
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