Monsanto Canada Inc. v. Schmeiser
Canada Supreme Court
[2004] 1 S.C.R. 902 (2004)

- Written by Rich Walter, JD
Facts
Monsanto Canada Inc. (Monsanto) (plaintiff) patented a genetic-modification process in order to make genetically modified canola genes and cells, which Monsanto also patented. Percy Schmeiser (defendant), the owner of a large-scale commercial farm, somehow acquired some of this genetic material and grew the material into seeds from which Schmeiser cultivated a large canola crop. When it came to light that Schmeiser had done so without licensing Monsanto’s patent, Monsanto sued Schmeiser for patent infringement. The trial court found that Schmeiser himself did not replicate Monsanto’s patented process, genes, or cells. However, the court ruled that the evidence was insufficient to overcome the presumption that Schmeiser deliberately used Monsanto’s patented genes and cells to cultivate seeds and plants for commercial purposes, thereby infringing Monsanto’s patent. The court entered judgment for Monsanto and was upheld by an intermediate court on appeal. Schmeiser appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada.
Rule of Law
Issue
Holding and Reasoning (McLachlin, C.J.)
Dissent (Arbour, J.)
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