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Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education

318 F. Supp. 786 (1970)

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Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education

United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina
318 F. Supp. 786 (1970)

Facts

In 1954, the United States Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation of public schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment. Although North Carolina attempted to desegregate its public school system, the board of education for the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County (the school board) (defendant) oversaw a consolidation of districts whose practical result was the continued segregation of Black and White students. In 1965, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People brought an action against the school board on behalf of James Swann (plaintiff), a Black student, in federal district court. The court found in favor of the school board. However, the case was reopened after another Supreme Court ruling indicated a need for more proactive desegregation efforts. This time, the district court ordered the school board to adopt sweeping desegregation plans involving pupil assignment, faculty assignment, and busing. The case went to the federal appeals court, which affirmed aspects of the district court’s order, including busing plans for students at high schools and junior high schools. However, the appeals court remanded the case for formulation of a plan providing for more extensive desegregation of the area’s elementary schools.

Rule of Law

Issue

Holding and Reasoning (McMillan, J.)

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