Whitlock v. Duke University
United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
829 F.2d 1340 (1987)
- Written by Mike Begovic, JD
Facts
Leonard Whitlock (plaintiff) was an experienced diver who had participated in numerous diving programs. Duke University (defendant) conducted a series of deep-dive experiments to research the effects of high pressure on the nervous system. After his second dive with the program, Whitlock began experiencing brain damage. Before the dive, Whitlock had signed a consent form that listed numerous potential risks, including decompression sickness, which could cause death or disability, and risks associated with simulated altitudes that could result in serious injury or death. The form also noted the possibility of unknown risks, stating that dives of this nature had not been performed in the past. Finally, the form noted that compensation would only be paid if an injury was caused by negligence. Whitlock’s suit against Duke and the head of the laboratory conducting the dives, Peter Bennett (defendant), contained numerous claims, including fraudulent misrepresentation. With respect to the fraudulent-misrepresentation claim, Whitlock argued that Duke was aware of the risk of brain damage and knowingly concealed it from him. Whitlock primarily relied on his own deposition, in which he alluded to studies that found that deep-sea dives carried a risk of injury similar to his own. Whitlock did not, however, submit any studies into evidence. A district court reviewed deposition testimony from Bennett, who explained that he was not aware of any evidence linking brain injury to deep diving, along with Whitlock’s own deposition, in which he admitted that, as an experienced diver, he was aware of certain risks. The district court granted summary judgment for Duke on all claims. On appeal, Whitlock challenged the district court’s finding that Duke did not fraudulently or negligently conceal or misrepresent the risk of organic brain damage.
Rule of Law
Issue
Holding and Reasoning (Per curiam)
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